U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth on Thursday announced Operation Southern Spear, a new initiative aimed at targeting “narco-terrorists” and shielding the country from drug trafficking threats.

Operation details remain unclear

It is not yet clear whether Operation Southern Spear simply rebrands ongoing U.S. operations near Venezuela and the Caribbean or signals the launch of a new, expanded mission.

The U.S. has deployed significant naval power to the region, including the USS Gerald R. Ford, the world’s largest aircraft carrier.

Recent actions and military buildup

U.S. forces have conducted strikes on alleged drug-running vessels, resulting in at least 80 reported deaths.

President Trump has indicated that land-based operations are also under consideration.

Senior Pentagon officials recently presented Trump with “updated options” for potential military action against Venezuela, though no decision has been made.

Southern Command’s leadership transition

Operation Southern Spear will be led in part by U.S. Southern Command (SOUTHCOM), which directs military operations across Central and South America and neighboring waters.

The current head of SOUTHCOM, Navy Adm. Alvin Holsey, is expected to retire in mid-December after just a year in the role, reportedly due to disagreements over operational pacing.

Some Democratic lawmakers have raised legal concerns regarding the ongoing boat strikes.

U.S. signals intent in Western Hemisphere

Hegseth emphasized the U.S. commitment to regional security in a recent statement:

“The Western Hemisphere is America’s neighborhood — and we will protect it.”