Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin and Xiao Feng, Chairman of Wanxiang Blockchain, engaged in a comprehensive discussion on the future of Ethereum at the 2026 Hong Kong Web3 Carnival. Key topics included the integration of smart hardware with blockchain, the simplification of Ethereum to lower user barriers, and the importance of hardware security. Buterin emphasized the need for Ethereum to focus on security across all layers, including hardware, to ensure a trustless system. He also highlighted the potential of AI in simplifying Ethereum applications, drawing parallels to the evolution of computer interfaces from command-line to graphical user interfaces. Additionally, Buterin discussed the importance of quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms to safeguard Ethereum against future quantum computing threats. The conversation also touched on the role of Layer 2 solutions in addressing Ethereum's scalability challenges and the Ethereum Foundation's updated mission to prioritize decentralization and security over efficiency. Buterin expressed optimism about the Ethereum Applications Guild's potential to drive ecosystem growth and innovation.