Agora, an automated testing framework developed by 0G Labs in collaboration with the National University of Singapore, Peking University, and Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, has been accepted to ICML 2026. This innovative framework integrates domain-specific knowledge from distributed systems with a multi-agent collaborative architecture to detect vulnerabilities in consensus protocols. Agora has successfully identified 15 previously unknown deep logic bugs across major consensus protocols such as Raft, EPaxos, HotStuff, and BullShark. These vulnerabilities include execution divergence, monotonicity violations, topology flaws, and signature verification failures. The framework's hypothesis-driven testing and multi-agent collaboration mechanism enable comprehensive security analysis, outperforming leading large language models like GPT-5.2 and Claude 4.5 in detecting protocol-level vulnerabilities. Agora's design allows for future applications in database concurrency control, operating system kernels, and Web3 smart contract auditing.
Agora Framework Uncovers 15 Zero-Day Vulnerabilities in Consensus Protocols
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